[Disorders of the heart rhythm in the immediate postoperative period in patients who have undergone vascular surgery]. / Trastornos del ritmo cardíaco en el posoperatorio inmediato en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular.

Heart rate changes during the immediate postoperative period were studied in 190 patients that underwent revascularization surgery. At the same time, other cardiovascular complications in those patients were analyzed. In 89 patients (46.8%), cardiovascular antecedents were found. Ischemic heart disease was found in 84 patients (44.2%). The most common cardiac arrhythmia was found to be sinus tachycardia, which was seen in 87 patients (45.7%). Following in order of frequency were supraventricular extrasystoles together with ventricular extrasystoles in 18 patients (9.4%) and isolated ventricular extrasystoles in 16 (8.4%). The most common cardiovascular and hemodynamic complications, both associated and as predisposing causes, were high blood pressure in isolation or combined with heart failure found in 58 (30.5%) and 8 (4.3%) patients, respectively. Hypokalemia played an important role since it was found in 105 patients (55.3%), 90 of whom had cardiac arrhythmia (85.7%). Seven revascularized patients (3.7%) died due to cardiovascular causes.

[Bacteriological studies of the secretions obtained from the endotracheal tube removed from patients recently revascularized]. / Estudios bacteriológicos de las secreciones obtenidas del tubo endotraqueal retirado a los pacientes recién revascularizados.

In cultures of secretions from 101 distal ends of endotracheal tubes removed from patients recently operated on due to several vascular affections, 41.6% of them were positive to different germs: pathogenic (7.9%), potentially pathogenic (12.9%), habitual in the oropharynx (3.9%), opportunistic (4.9%), contaminating (0.9%). Out of the 18.8% of patients recently operated on for acute inflammatory pneumopathy, 68.4% of them had positive cultures of the secretions in the distal ends of the removed endotracheal tubes. Hemocultures were carried out in 34.7% of the patients and 17.1% of them were found positive, although the germs found in the endotracheal tubes and the hemocultures were different. In the immediate postoperative period 48.5% of the gastric pH test were carried out and it was found that 37.6% of them were lower than 4, and 10.9% were higher than 4.1. Among the diseased, 28.6% had acute inflammatory pneumopathy and positive cultures of the secretions in the endotracheal tubes removed.